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Electronics for beginners

Arduino, DYI and how to assemble electronics

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  • quaer February 16, 2021 at 04:22 PM

    Third Order Low-pass Filter with One Op Amp

    • Circuit design,
    • Manufacture and development of electronics,
    • DIY,
    • Electronics for beginners
    • Tutorial
    Amateur vs Pro

    Common approach to build a third order low-pass filter is to use two circuit stages and two Op Amps. Making good One Op Amp design is not always easy, but it is possible.
    Read more →
    • +10
    • 714
    • Comment
  • quaer November 19, 2020 at 04:31 PM

    Active Termination Drivers

    • Circuit design,
    • Manufacture and development of electronics,
    • DIY,
    • Electronics for beginners
    • Tutorial


    The easiest way to build a driver with specified output impedance is to use an amplifier with high load compatibility and add a resistor to its output. The penalty is voltage drop across this resistor, so there is power loss and we need a higher supply voltage. If our driver is able to deliver the same voltage and current to the same load, but the extra resistor will have a lower value, our device will be able to deliver the same output power at a lower supply voltage. Less power losses, less heat, and longer working time when a battery is used.
    There is an idea how to solve this problem: active termination. We can synthesize the output impedance!

    Now when we know what we want, go to design our drivers!
    Read more →
    • +6
    • 1.3k
    • Comment
  • quaer October 29, 2020 at 04:38 PM

    In-The-Loop Low-pass Filter

    • Circuit design,
    • Manufacture and development of electronics,
    • DIY,
    • Electronics for beginners
    • Tutorial
    Amateur vs Pro

    If you look through datasheets you will find a strange circuit used in front of some ADCs. It looks like a low-pass filter, but you will not find this topology in books.

    Let’s try to figure out what it is, how it works and how to design it.
    Read more →
    • +5
    • 1.2k
    • Comment
  • quaer October 8, 2020 at 04:18 PM

    Compensation for Error Caused by Limited Gain-Bandwidth of Operational Amplifiers in Low-pass Filters

    • Circuit design,
    • Manufacture and development of electronics,
    • DIY,
    • Electronics for beginners
    • Tutorial
    Amateur vs Pro

    An operational amplifier has the internal compensation circuit for stability which limits its working bandwidth. Frequency response of the compensated Op Amp has slope of −6 dB/octave or −20 dB/decade. Unity gain frequency defines the bandwidth where the Op Amp is able to amplify a signal. If we multiply the gain and frequency at any point, the result is the same, allowing us to use this parameter to select the appropriate Op Amp. It is called Gain-Bandwidth Product, GBW or GBP. The limited open-loop gain introduces a closed-loop gain and phase error.

    But we want to optimize our circuits, right?
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    • +8
    • 1k
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  • amartology September 9, 2020 at 11:01 AM

    Common misconceptions about space-grade integrated circuits

    • Circuit design,
    • Manufacture and development of electronics,
    • Popular science,
    • Astronautics,
    • Electronics for beginners

      Space exploration was always fascinating, and recent developments have reignited the interest to the heights never seen since the last man stood on the Moon. People argue about Mars exploration and features of spaceships as their grandparents would’ve done if the internet existed fifty years ago. I’m an electronics engineer working in the aerospace industry, so I know a thing or two about the technical background of this stuff — and I see that these things aren’t common knowledge, and people often have significantly skewed ideas about the reasons behind many things and decisions. Namely, I’d love to speak of some misconceptions about radiation hardened integrated circuits and the means of protection from radiation-induced damage.

      So, let's start our journey
      • +15
      • 13.9k
      • 35
    • itmo March 20, 2020 at 11:36 AM

      GoROBO: an educational initiative from the ITMO University startup accelerator

      • ITMO University corporate blog,
      • Robotics development,
      • Start-up development,
      • Robotics,
      • Electronics for beginners
        GoROBO is an ITMO University project through and through: one of the co-owners graduated our mechatronics MA program, and two other employees are current postgrad students.

        Let’s talk about the educational environment they want to create, why they chose to build such an unusual startup, and what awaits GoROBO clubs in the future.

        Read more →
        • +5
        • 520
        • Comment
      • Tiberius April 12, 2019 at 01:23 AM

        Tech Insights: Are LED filament-lamps so good?

        • Gadgets,
        • Computer hardware,
        • Electronics for beginners
        • Translation
        Saluting my LED lamp fans!

        Today we will talk about the palpitating and extremely popular subject in recent years — filament LED (Light-Emitted Diode) lamps. Numerous articles have been published here on Habr (1, 2, 3) and on the web, but none of them tells us a word about in-depth analysis of the lamps (what is actually inside) and comparison of their temperature characteristics. Therefore, especially for you — my dear LED-lovers — I conducted a detailed analysis of such lamps from different manufacturers, including temperature measurement of LEDs themselves.

        Afterwards we will try to answer the question: are filament lamps as good as marketers present them to us?

        Disclaimer: this is my very first attempt to translate and adopt an article from Habr into English, so I will ask you to give a fruitful feedback and correct some mistake if any present.
        Shock, thrill and scandals!
        • +7
        • 1.6k
        • Comment
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      • akdengi March 8, 2019 at 12:47 AM

        Board game for learning the basics of electrical circuits. Why not?

        • DIY,
        • Logic games,
        • Electronics for beginners


          I made the “electric” designer of… cardboard. Alas, the project still remains at the prototype stage, not developing into an industrial “physical” look and is waiting for its time (and investor).


          But I decided to go further — once we started making cardboard, we’ll bring the situation to its logical conclusion — we’ll make a complete cardboard board game, but with an electric setting and a learning effect. There were a lot of options — starting from a simple “walker” and ending with Ameritrash from a zombie with electron movement and vicious short circuits and swollen capacitors.


          As a result, I decided to dwell on a logical abstract, since the schematics of electrical circuits are very suitable for it. Said and done — as a result of the first iteration, the game “Circuit” was born.

          Read more →
          • +10
          • 2.5k
          • 1
        • iliasam February 4, 2019 at 07:40 PM

          Making a DIY text laser projector

          • Programming microcontrollers,
          • DIY,
          • Electronics for beginners
          • Translation
          Let’s find out how to make a simple enough laser projector out of electronics you can find at home.

          Read more →
          • +24
          • 38.1k
          • 5
        • KarevTech January 31, 2019 at 09:53 PM

          Chemistry lesson: how to expose a microchip's crystal for photography

          • Reverse engineering,
          • Manufacture and development of electronics,
          • Chemistry,
          • Electronics for beginners
          • From sandbox

          Introduction


          If you have dabbled into microchip photographing before, then this article will probably not offer much to you. But if you want to get into it, but don’t know where to start, then it’s exactly for you.


          Before we start, a fair warning: while the procedure is quite entertaining, at first it’ll probably be physically painful. The chemicals used during the process are toxic, so please handle them carefully – that way it’ll still hurt, but less so. Also, if you have even a slight amount of common sense, conduct the procedure in a fully-equipped chemical laboratory under supervision of trained professionals: we’ve had to deal with people who tried to do it at home immediately after reading the guide. And finally: if you don’t know whether you need to pour acid into water or water into acid without a Google search and don’t realize what this lack of knowledge will entail – stop reading this immediately and go to a chemistry 101 course in a local college or something.


          Read more →
          • +23
          • 1.2k
          • Comment
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