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How 3D Printers Work

Reading time 5 min
Views 119

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a transformative technology that has revolutionized the way we create objects. At its core, 3D printing involves creating physical objects from digital models by adding material layer by layer. This innovative process has made it possible to produce items with complex geometries that were previously impossible or too expensive to manufacture with traditional methods.

The evolution of 3D printers can be traced back to the 1980s, when the first processes for additive manufacturing were developed. Initially, these technologies were used primarily for prototyping purposes in industrial settings. However, over the decades, advancements in technology have expanded the capabilities of 3D printers, making them faster, more affordable, and capable of working with a wider range of materials. Today, 3D printing is not just for prototyping; it's used in production, medical applications, fashion, architecture, and more, marking its transition from a niche technology to a mainstream tool.

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TRILAB 3D Printers Overview

Reading time 5 min
Views 68

Welcome to the world of TRILAB 3D printers, where innovation meets precision to redefine the boundaries of 3D printing. TRILAB has established itself as a beacon of excellence in the 3D printing industry, offering a range of printers that cater to various needs, from educational purposes to industrial applications. In this article, we will delve deep into the essence of TRILAB 3D printers, exploring their history, core technologies, unique features, and the wide range of applications they serve.

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Wood Laser Engraving Machines

Reading time 6 min
Views 99

In the dynamic world of craftsmanship and design, wood laser engraving machines have emerged as pivotal tools, bridging the gap between traditional woodworking techniques and the digital age. These sophisticated devices leverage laser technology to carve, etch, or engrave detailed patterns, texts, and imagery onto wood, offering artisans and businesses alike the ability to create with unprecedented precision and creativity. From personalized gifts and home decor to intricate art pieces and custom furniture, wood laser engraving machines unlock a realm of possibilities, transforming simple wood pieces into works of art.

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CO2 Laser Cutters: Revolutionizing Precision Cutting Across Industries

Reading time 5 min
Views 110

Laser cutting technology, specifically CO2 laser cutters, has significantly revolutionized the way we approach precision cutting and engraving in various materials across multiple industries. From intricate designs in the craft industry to precise cuts in manufacturing, CO2 laser cutters have become an indispensable tool. Let's dive into the world of CO2 laser cutters, exploring their workings, benefits, applications, and much more.

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Intamsys Funmat Pro 610 HT 3D Printer Overview

Reading time 4 min
Views 110

In the vast and dynamic realm of 3D printing, the Intamsys Funmat Pro 610 HT emerges as a groundbreaking solution, specifically engineered for those seeking to harness the capabilities of high-temperature materials. This printer not only distinguishes itself through its remarkable material versatility but also sets new benchmarks for what professionals and enthusiasts alike can achieve in their 3D printing ventures.

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ALGEBRA OF MUSICAL TEXT

Level of difficulty Medium
Reading time 5 min
Views 193

Sergey Pshenichnikov, Tatiana Sotnikova

ALGEBRA OF MUSICAL TEXT

Sergey Pshenichnikov, Tatiana Sotnikova

Trio Sapiens

Musical text can be represented using matrix units, like the description of verbal texts and other symbolic sequences. In the future, mathematical recognition, and creation of musical sense with substantive justification for intermediate calculations (as opposed to AI) may become possible.

Sound has four properties: pitch, duration, volume, and timbre. Timbre is not considered yet. The dictionary of the algebra of musical texts is built on the basis of musical notation for the piano.

The duration here, for the sake of brevity of the first presentation, is considered as «absolute». «Relative» is not considered, although intervals are very well studied, and their features will be needed to categorize composers.

The complexity of the musical text for the application of mathematics is explained by the desire to simplify the reading of musical notes by musicians and to minimize the use of lower and upper additional lines.

To apply text algebra to musical symbolic sequences there is no need to use a five-line staff. What is useful and familiar to musicians is «unbearably harmful» for the use of algebra. It seems advisable to use a one-line staff. In this case, the musical text becomes like the verbal text.

To solve the problem, you need to find a transformation of the canonical musical text into a «thread». And as always, for a new application of algebra, correct coordination of the subject area is necessary. In this case, each used musical notation and symbol of modern musical notation must be assigned its own serial number (natural number).

Instead of a sign, you can use the names of each note symbol - then it will be a verbal notation of musical texts written in one line «thread»).

Since the musical scale is completely represented by piano keys, the first section in height of the dictionary of musical texts consists of 88 numbered white and black keys (of which 52 are white). This eliminates the need for an octave division of the scale, octave transfer signs, keys, five alteration signs (key and random), diatonic and chromatic semitones.

All notes of the scale became fundamental in algebraic musical notation. There is an order of magnitude more of them of them than the main stages of Guido Aretinsky, but the alteration signs and names of octaves disappeared, the use of which made musical texts algebraically incompatible with verbal texts. Numbers from 1 to 88 in algebraic notation constitute a fragment of the pitch dictionary for the «thread» one-line staff.

Numbering (coordination) of notes is needed to become in the future indices of mathematical objects (matrix units), which will replace the signs of notes or their names. These matrix units are binary generalizations of integers (hyperbinary numbers). The operation of division with remainder is defined for them, as for integers. The operation will allow you to divide musical texts and their f

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ALGEBRA OF SENSE

Level of difficulty Medium
Reading time 12 min
Views 114

Sergey Pshenichnikov

Sign sequences (for example, verbal and musical texts) can be turned into mathematical objects. Words and numbers have become one entity, a representation of a matrix unit, which is a matrix generalization of integers and a hypercomplex number. A matrix unit is a matrix in which one element is equal to unit, and the rest are zeros.

If the words of the text are represented by such matrices, then concatenation (combination while maintaining order) of words and texts becomes an operation of adding matrices.

You can perform transformations with texts using algebraic operations, for example, dividing one text by another with a remainder. Mathematically recognize the sense of text and calculate the context of words. In this case, algebra helps to interpret all the intermediate stages of calculations.

A person sees and hears only what he understands (J.W. Goethe). Understands what he attaches sense to as significant for him. Sense is subjective and depends on the interests, motivations, and feelings of different people.

L. S. Vygotsky distinguished between the concepts of «sense» and «meaning»: «if the «meaning» of a word is an objective reflection of a system of connections and relationships, then « sense» is the introduction of subjective aspects of meaning according to a given moment and situation».

According to G. Frege, «meaning» are properties, relationships of objects, «sense» is only part of these properties. In this case, both “meanings” and «sense» are called one «sign», for example a word. Two people can choose from a list of meanings for one word two non-overlapping fragments (two senses) to interpret it.

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TRILAB AzteQ Industrial 3D Printer

Reading time 4 min
Views 56

The TRILAB AzteQ Industrial 3D Printer stands as a beacon of innovation in the rapidly evolving landscape of additive manufacturing. This machine is not just another entry in the industrial sector; it is a testament to the leaps and bounds by which 3D printing technology has grown. Offering a combination of precision, scalability, and material compatibility, the AzteQ is designed to meet the demanding needs of industries ranging from aerospace to automotive and beyond.

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Acrylic Laser Cutter Machines: An Essential Guide

Reading time 5 min
Views 87

In the world of fabrication and design, acrylic stands out for its versatility and aesthetic appeal. When paired with the precision of laser cutting technology, the possibilities become virtually endless. Acrylic laser cutting involves the use of a laser to cut acrylic material into various shapes and sizes, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency. This process not only enhances productivity but also opens up new avenues for creativity and innovation in design.

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Intamsys Funmat Pro 410 3D Printer: Revolutionizing High-Temperature 3D Printing

Reading time 5 min
Views 118

In the rapidly evolving world of 3D printing, the Intamsys Funmat Pro 410 stands out as a beacon of innovation, especially in the realm of high-temperature 3D printing. This powerhouse is designed to meet the demanding needs of professionals across various industries, from aerospace to automotive, offering unparalleled versatility and precision. Let's delve into what makes the Funmat Pro 410 a must-have for any serious 3D printing enthusiast or professional.

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Raise3D 3D Printers Overview

Reading time 5 min
Views 73

Raise3D printers have carved a niche in the 3D printing world, known for their reliability, high-quality output, and versatility across various industries. From startups to educational institutions, these printers offer a range of features designed to cater to the diverse needs of its users. Let’s dive into what makes Raise3D stand out in the crowded 3D printing market.

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FlashForge Guider 2s 3D Printer: A Comprehensive Guide

Reading time 5 min
Views 68

The FlashForge Guider 2s is the latest addition to the world of 3D printing, offering an impressive blend of high-quality printing capabilities, robust build, and user-friendly features. Designed for both hobbyists and professionals alike, this 3D printer aims to streamline the creative process, making it easier to bring complex designs to life.

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Verilog Meetups @ Hacker Dojo: the status and the plans for February 2024

Reading time 9 min
Views 1.7K

The first three meetups of the Portable SystemVerilog Examples group at Hacker Dojo in Mountain View, California were a kind of brainstorming sessions. We discussed the electronic industry, the essence of modern chip design, and the challenges to educate new design engineers. Now we are moving into a new mode of action. We are going to have weekly meetings of the core R&D team and monthly or bi-monthly events for a larger audience.

We are focusing on interview-level microarchitectural and CPU design examples, providing FPGA vendor-neutral infrastructure and compatibility with open-source ASIC design tools.

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Evaluating Performance: CosmosDB vs. Azure SQL

Level of difficulty Easy
Reading time 4 min
Views 5K

In the evolving landscape of database technology, choosing the right database management system is crucial for the efficiency and scalability of applications. This article presents a detailed comparison of the performance between Microsoft's CosmosDB and MS SQL Server. We'll examine how each database performs under various load conditions and share some interesting findings.

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PostgreSQL 17: Part 3 or Commitfest 2023-11

Level of difficulty Medium
Reading time 11 min
Views 552


The November commitfest is ripe with new interesting features! Without further ado, let's proceed with the review.


If you missed our July and September commitfest reviews, you can check them out here: 2023-07, 2023-09.


ON LOGIN trigger
Event triggers for REINDEX
ALTER OPERATOR: commutator, negator, hashes, merges
pg_dump --filter=dump.txt
psql: displaying default privileges
pg_stat_statements: track statement entry timestamps and reset min/max statistics
pg_stat_checkpointer: checkpointer process statistics
pg_stats: statistics for range type columns
Planner: exclusion of unnecessary table self-joins
Planner: materialized CTE statistics
Planner: accessing a table with multiple clauses
Index range scan optimization
dblink, postgres_fdw: detailed wait events
Logical replication: migration of replication slots during publisher upgrade
Replication slot use log
Unicode: new information functions
New function: xmltext
AT LOCAL support
Infinite intervals
ALTER SYSTEM with unrecognized custom parameters
Building the server from source

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Flashforge Creator 3: A Comprehensive Guide to Elevating Your 3D Printing Experience

Reading time 5 min
Views 252

The Flashforge Creator 3 is a hallmark of innovation in the bustling world of 3D printing. This versatile printer is known for its dual extruder system, precision, and user-friendly interface, catering to the needs of both enthusiasts and professionals.

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React Global State Management: A Brief History and a Quick Guide

Level of difficulty Easy
Reading time 9 min
Views 924

If you’re a React developer, you know how important state management is. State is the data that powers your UI, making it interactive and dynamic. But managing state in React can be tricky, especially when you have to share it across multiple components or deal with complex and asynchronous logic.

That’s why over the years, React developers have come up with various solutions for state management, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In this article, we’ll take a look at some of the most popular ones and how they evolved. We’ll also review some of the current state-management libraries and how to choose the best one for your app.

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Unveiling the Flashforge Creator 3 Pro 3D Printer: A Detailed Review

Reading time 3 min
Views 199

The Flashforge Creator 3 Pro is a sophisticated 3D printer that has made waves in the desktop 3D printing market. It blends the boundary between professional and personal use, offering features usually found in industrial-grade printers. This machine is tailored for users who require precision, versatility, and the ability to work with advanced materials.

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Unveiling the Capabilities of the Raise3D Pro3 3D Printer: A Comprehensive Review

Reading time 4 min
Views 165

The Raise3D Pro3 3D Printer marks a significant stride in the world of professional 3D printing. As the latest innovation from a renowned brand, the Pro3 is anticipated to set new benchmarks in print quality, reliability, and user experience for both professionals and enthusiasts.

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