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[..] the right of privacy in electronic data is not absolute, and it further recognizes that the Government's use of technology must not be frozen in time but instead keep pace with rapidly developing technology.
The Government should be able to use the most advanced technological means to overcome criminal activity that is conducted in secret, and Defendant should not be rewarded for allegedly obtaining contraband through his virtual travel through interstate and foreign commerce on a Tor hidden service.
The Court FINDS that due to the especially pernicious nature of child pornography and the continuing harm to the victims, the balance between any Tor user's alleged privacy interests and the Government's deployment of the NIT to access very limited identifying information weighs in favor of the Government's use of technology to counteract the measures taken by people who access child pornography online. The Government's efforts to contain child pomographers, terrorists and the like cannot remain frozen in time; the Government must be allowed to utilize its own advanced technology to keep pace with our world's ever-advancing technology and novel criminal methods.
Thompson's kitchen «did not have an expectation of privacy from the location where Officer Thielen made his observations… ,» because Officer Thielen stood outside the apartment's «curtilage» when he made his observations. And the Minnesota Supreme Court, while finding that Officer Thielen had violated the Fourth Amendment, did not challenge the trial court's curtilage determination; indeed, it assumed that Officer Thielen stood outside the apartment's curtilage.
Officer Thielen, then, stood at a place used by the public and from which one could see through the window into the kitchen. The precautions that the apartment's dwellers took to maintain their privacy would have failed in respect to an ordinary passerby standing in that place. Given this Court's well-established case law, I cannot say that the officer engaged in what the Constitution forbids, namely, an «unreasonable search.» See, e. g., Florida v. Riley, 488 U. S. 445, 448 (1989) (finding observation of greenhouse from helicopters in public airspace permissible, even though owners had enclosed greenhouse on two sides, relied on bushes blocking ground-level observations through remaining two sides, and covered 90% of roof); California v. Ciraolo, 476 U. S. 207, 209 (1986) (finding observation of backyard from plane in public airspace permissible despite 6-foot outer fence and 10-foot inner fence around backyard); cf. Katz v. United States, 389 U. S. 347, 351 (1967).
The Minnesota Supreme Court reached a different conclusion in part because it believed that Officer Thielen had engaged in unusual activity, that he «climbed over some bushes, crouched down and placed his face 12 to 18 inches from the window,» and in part because he saw into the apartment through «a small gap» in blinds that were drawn. 569 N. W. 2d, at 177-178. But I would not here determine whether the crouching and climbing or «plac[ing] his face» makes a constitutional difference because the record before us does not contain support for those factual conclusions.
Whether there were holes in the blinds or they were simply pulled the «wrong way» makes no difference. One who lives in a basement apartment that fronts a publicly traveled street, or similar space, ordinarily understands the need for care lest a member of the public simply direct his gaze downward.
А если полицейский подсмотрел как там хозяева чем-нибудь занимаются?Именно это и произошло в упомянутом в статье деле «Миннесота против Картера», на анализ которого ссылается суд. Полицейский подсмотрел в окно, как хозяева упаковывают кокаин, и вызвал отряд для их задержания.
По аналогии, лицо не может ожидать приватности в отношении своего IP-адреса, так как этот адрес уже известен его Интернет-провайдеру, а также той входной ноде сети Tor, к которой он подключается.
Выше в комментариях обсуждают дело, где полицейский подсмотрел сквозь дырку в шторах как кто-то пакует кокаин. Суд признал это законным, поскольку полицейский находился снаружи.
… если устройство, на котором они расположены, имело подключение к Интернету.
Федеральный суд США не считает приватной информацию на персональном компьютере