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Both vectors and deques provide thus a very similar interface and can be used for similar purposes, but internally both work in quite different ways: While vectors are very similar to a plain array that grows by reallocating all of its elements in a unique block when its capacity is exhausted, the elements of a deques can be divided in several chunks of storage, with the class keeping all this information and providing a uniform access to the elements. Therefore, deques are a little more complex internally, but this generally allows them to grow more efficiently than the vectors with their capacity managed automatically, specially in large sequences, because massive reallocations are avoided.
Доработка контейнера vector для работы с большими объемами данных