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Both Opportunity and Spirit are powered by a radiation-hardened 20MHz BAE RAD6000 computer, with 128MB of RAM, 3MB of EEPROM (firmware), and 256MB of NAND flash. The operating system (VxWorks) and critical subroutines are stored in the non-volatile EEPROM, while the flash memory is used to store less-important data — mostly captured imagery and other scientific data — while it awaits upload to NASA HQ via the Mars Global Surveyor orbiter or the Earth-based Deep Space Network. Curiosity, incidentally, has a virtually identical setup — but it uses a faster CPU (132MHz) and has lots more RAM and flash. Curiosity also has an identical backup failsafe computer that can be switched in if a fault develops — the earlier rovers only have a single computer.
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