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Energomera CE6806P: Bridging Analog and Digital in Energy Metering

Level of difficultyMedium
Reading time10 min
Views790

How did engineers in the past manage to measure electrical power without modern microchips and DSPs? This article explores the Energomera CE6806P, a device created in 2006 for verifying electricity meters, yet built using 1980s-era technology.

We’ll take a closer look at its design, principles of operation, and how discrete-analog solutions were used to achieve high accuracy. The Energomera is a fascinating example of engineering and ingenuity, giving us a unique perspective on the evolution of electrical measurement devices.

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ChatGPT-4: How to use it for free

Reading time3 min
Views5.9K

ChatGPT-4, the latest model from OpenAI, boasts impressive capabilities like text generation, question answering, problem-solving, coding, and even image analysis. However, accessing it requires a $20 monthly subscription on OpenAI's website. For residents of certain countries, accessing the service poses additional challenges due to restrictions, necessitating the use of foreign payment methods and VPNs.

We've created a list of the top-4 services that offer completely free access to ChatGPT-4. This article will delve into the advantages and limitations of each option, comparing them side-by-side.

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«Where, where have you gone», or searching for missing stations on public transport routes in OpenStreetMap

Level of difficultyMedium
Reading time6 min
Views1.1K

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a global project formed around a geographic information database which is being filled by all comers — both enthusiasts and interested companies. Anybody can contribute, but the openness has its downside: incorrect edits often get into the database. Hence plenty of validators of OSM data have been written which allow to maintain the data quality at an acceptable level.

Since 2016 there exists an open source subway preprocessor that validates (generates error reports) rapid transit routes in OSM for completeness and logical/topological errors, and converts them into formats that are suitable for routing and rendering, e.g. GTFS. Besides OSM data it takes a list of public transport (PT) networks which contains the checking information about the number of lines, stations etc. per a PT network. The preprocessor has successfully proven itself in the preparation of PT data for applications such as Maps.me and Organic Maps.

In this article, I would like to share an approach to detecting one of the types of errors that occur quite often in OSM data and automatic detection of which is somewhat challenging. It's an accidental loss of a station from a route. The source code of the validator and the described algorithm are open source. But first, let's define the concepts used to represent PT data in OpenStreetMap.

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How to Fail Those Students Who Rely on ChatGPT

Reading time3 min
Views2.3K

We at Verilog Meetup constructed an exam/interview problem that has an interesting property: if a student tries to figure out a solution by thinking by himself, he usually succeeds; however if he dumps the problem on ChatGPT, the solution fails (does not pass the automated test), and the student goes into a death spiral of futility, kicking ChatGPT to get the solution right.

There is nothing weird about the problem, we do this in the industry all the time:

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Modern X-ray detectors

Level of difficultyMedium
Reading time11 min
Views3.4K

Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-ray November 8th 1895, when he did experiments with cathode rays in a vacuum tube. To capture and save images of the shadows from the X-rays, he used ordinary photoplates. Fortunately, sensitive to visible light silver based photoemulsions turned out to be sensitive to the X-ray too. These photoplates became the first X-ray detectors.

More than 100 years of scientific progress led to the creation of a number of various detectors for recording X-ray images. Developments of the microelectronics and semiconductor manufacturing technologies are crucial for development of the modern X-ray detectors. These detectors can transform the energy of the X-ray photon directly to the electrical signal. They allow capturing detailed, digital, high-resolution X-ray images.

Digital images are easy to work with. For example one can merge multiple macro images into an image of the whole object and represent monochrome images in false colors like Simon Procz did with this X-ray image of a flower he did in 2012.

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Formal verification of smart contracts in the ConCert framework

Level of difficultyMedium
Reading time11 min
Views1.2K

Hey! My name's Kirill Ziborov and I'm a member of the Distributed System Security team at Positive Technologies. In this article, I'll be continuing the discussion of methods and tools for the formal verification of smart contracts and their practical application to prevent vulnerabilities. The main focus will be on the deductive verification method, or more precisely, the ConCert framework for testing and verifying smart contracts.

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Глубокое обучение для квантовой химии. Часть I. Основы

Level of difficultyMedium
Reading time13 min
Views121

Всем привет! Меня зовут Константин, и я занимаюсь вопросами глубокого обучения в естественных науках в AIRI.

Среди всех достижений глубокого обучения большие языковые модели — пожалуй, самые заметные. Однако помимо работы с текстами у нейросетей есть хорошие перспективы в области биологии, химии, физики и других наук. Можно вспомнить, например, последние Нобелевские премии за архитектуру AlphaFold.

Мы в AIRI активно интересуемся этим прогрессом, в особенности применением глубокого обучения для квантовой химии. Недавно нашу статью про предсказание электронной плотности с помощью нейросетей приняли в Journal of Cheminformatics [1], и мне бы хотелось рассказать, что именно мы там сделали.

Но в первой части своего рассказа я хотел бы сделать введение в тему, в частности, поговорить о том устроены целевые значения для предсказания свойств молекул, и что такое геометрические графовые нейронные сети.

Приятного чтения

Google ADK: Easiest Way to Build an AI Agent

Level of difficultyEasy
Reading time7 min
Views3.2K

In this tutorial, I’ll explain in simple terms what AI, AI agents, and workflows are, and then I’ll walk you through building your very first AI agent in Python using Google’s Agent Development Kit (ADK). By the end, you’ll understand the differences between these concepts and have a working content-assistant agent you can run from your terminal or a web interface.

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Top 11 Free AI Image Generators: Best AI Image Tools of 2025

Level of difficultyEasy
Reading time8 min
Views8.5K

Admit it, how many times have you wanted to quickly create an image for a post or presentation, but instead got stuck in an editor or endless searches for a suitable image on Google? Wouldn't it be great if the picture in your head could just appear instantly? Time is money, inspiration is on pause, and that's where AI comes to the rescue. Neural networks can generate anything you want, including the craziest ideas. No need to spend hours searching when, with a few clicks, you can see what was in your thoughts just a second ago.

By the way, notice the cover with the dinosaur? Let's call him Rex. Rex is himself a product of neural network creation. Today he'll be the main star of our experiments. But what will we do? Remember I mentioned crazy ideas? Well, to understand all the possibilities of generation, let's give AI a difficult task. We'll send Rex somewhere in space, for example to the Moon, let him put on a spacesuit and and have him grill some barbecue with Earth in the background. Interested? Then buckle up, we're heading into the world of image generation.

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Trading Addiction: How Millions of People Lose Years and Fortunes in the Markets

Reading time14 min
Views817

A lot of people around me spend time trading on the stock market. Some trade crypto, some trade stocks, others trade currencies. Some call themselves investors, others call themselves traders. I often see random passersby in various cities and countries checking their trading terminals on their phones or laptops. And at night I sometimes write analytical or backtesting software—well, I did up until recently. All these people share a common faith and a set of misconceptions about the market.

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Intelligent Systems at Phystech: 2024 Year in Review

Level of difficultyMedium
Reading time24 min
Views2.1K

The goal of the Intelligent Systems Department is to facilitate the road to high-quality professional life. The Ph.D. degree requires three publications in peer-reviewed journals. They are the core of the student’s thesis. This year each of our bachelor students delivered at least one publication. It means they pave the road to their Ph.D. To facilitate this, the Department provides state-of-the-art research topics, scientific advisors with excellence in science, and fine-tuned educational courses. Below, we are proud to recognize our students for their outstanding achievements.

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What's wrong with the term «Artificial Intelligence»?

Level of difficultyEasy
Reading time4 min
Views676


Recently, there has been a lot of talk about the success of artificial intelligence (AI), although this usually means another achievement in the field of generative neural networks.


And few people, speaking about AI, try to explain what they themselves understand by the term “artificial intelligence.” After all, it’s one thing to write about “AI problems,” and quite another to endow an ordinary computer algorithm with at least the rudiments of intelligence.


After all, the etymology of the established phrase “artificial intelligence” is not unambiguous and can take on different meanings depending on what meaning the author is trying to put into it.

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Designing profitable software: architecture principles for business success

Level of difficultyMedium
Reading time5 min
Views1.2K

This article presents a business-driven approach to software architecture, focusing on maximizing profitability through technical decisions. It advocates for:

Distributed, stateless services with immutable models for scalability

Isolated third-party integrations without disrupting core logic

Simple, modular design 

Best for:

✔ Tech leads designing scalable systems
✔ Managers optimizing dev efficiency
✔ Stakeholders evaluating ROI on architecture

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The Armenia Opportunity: EDA, ASIC, FPGA + connections with USA, China and Russia

Reading time9 min
Views1.9K

Armenia is a lucky country. Back in the 1990s somebody lobbied Synopsys, the #1 leader in the Electronic Design Automation market, to create a division there. It was joined by Mentor Graphics / Siemens EDA, another EDA leader, then NVidia. Synopsys Armenia became the largest Synopsys division outside the US Silicon Valley and Boston, although the Taiwanese may tell you otherwise. Since Synopsys and Mentor make software used by chip designers in Apple, Samsung, AMD and all other electronic companies, Armenia has an unfair advantage over all their neighbors in Caucasus and Central Asia.

In addition, Armenia has friendly relations with Russia, and most Armenians speak Russian as well. This has facilitated the move of many Russian companies to Armenia, for example, a RISC-V semiconductor IP provider Syntacore. Finally, as we can see from the recent conference EDA Connect, Armenia is attracting the attention of electronic and EDA companies from China.

EDA Connect featured not only academic and industrial papers but also a hackathon on FPGA design, attended by local students from Yerevan State University, the American University of Armenia, the Russian-Armenian University, the French University in Armenia and others.

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Get Started with Gemini Code Assist in VS Code — Easy Tutorial

Reading time3 min
Views1.8K

Have you ever heard of Gemini Code Assist? It’s an AI-powered coding assistant from Google that helps with writing, completing, and debugging code. The best part? It’s now free for individuals, freelancers, and students!

In this article, I’ll show you how to set up and use Gemini Code Assist inside VS Code. Whether you’re new to coding or an experienced developer, this tool can save you time and make coding easier. Let’s get started!

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Napkin AI tutorial: the ultimate guide to visualizing your ideas with AI

Level of difficultyEasy
Reading time2 min
Views4.6K

Napkin AI is an innovative artificial intelligence tool that transforms text descriptions into visual sketches and diagrams. Launched in 2023, this toolallows users to quickly convert their ideas into visual representations, similar to drawing on a napkin — hence the name. In this tutorial, I will walk you through its top features and provide a video demonstration.

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ChatGPT Canvas: Your New Partner in Writing and Coding

Level of difficultyEasy
Reading time2 min
Views2.6K

OpenAI has recently launched a new feature called Canvas for ChatGPT, designed to enhance users' interactions with AI for writing and coding projects. This new interface aims to provide a more collaborative and interactive experience, moving beyond the traditional chat format. In this article, I'll cover the top features of ChatGPT Canvas and show how to use it.

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